���M&�� �A��{�v��&@� �@�hr������ �� `p���|ϫ�E�os� \�ޙ)�� н�? The MIDDLE EASTERN VALUES STUDY (MEVS) gathers, analyzes, and disseminates data on the ideological and attitudinal characteristics of people in the Islamic nations of the world. 4�����:����� Ф�٥�_�(��|�L�[�? Children do not leave home until they marry. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? •“Duty”-Validate family’s role as caregiver. Contact: Michael Saba, President. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? People are proud of their qualifications. endobj The Individual. ��� �C� @� 9�? Although the focus here is on the people and culture of the Middle Eastern publics, given that an overwhelming majority of these publics are Muslims, for scholars interested in comparative study of Muslim majority countries, we have produced a dataset on values and beliefs in Islamic countries and the United States. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? However, modern women wear short sleeves, skirts and tight jeans. The following cultural guide is designed to address these problems and to provide a detailed introduction to Arabic culture. ��� �C� @� 9�? Consequently, they are consulted on all matters, even though their advice may not be followed. f֢oh9I0S}��g�u�3�9��?���қ�Pob0M�/QR�����g���������cRb���u'N�W�/�����M���I���u��2��y9�#���\N��c(�=j����ūIf����^>�nm� J��5b��!-1c}����(� Bread is also very important to this culture. There is still a tradition of family business, so fathers and sons sit together to discuss everything related to work and the household. The most important areas to cover for the sake of modesty are the top of the shoulders and arms. ��� �C� @� 9�? Boys learn to be 'men' from an early age, to protect the women of the family and take on responsibilities outside the house. Values. Men will entertain friends in the salon, or in their own section of the house. Family was especially important in Post-Soviet countries and former Yugoslavian countries; many families relied heavily on one another for support and stability during political unrest. Traditions remain an … In fact, the refusal to break bread with someone is considered a betrayal. Family Solidarity As in most largely rural cultures, the family is the most important unit in Palestinian society. And this has consequences for society, the … <> ��� �C� @� 9�? World Bank data for 2017 estimated the population of the Arab world at 414.5 million. A woman's job is to raise the children, help educate them and manage the house. [1] Globally, Muslims represent substantial portions of society, and Islam remains the fastest-growing religion in the world. Always use the right hand when eating, drinking, passing or accepting food and drink. <>/XObject<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 720 540] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> ��� �C� @� 9�? ��Q�Q�7X~���܏U�TJ6�Bv�h��k[�[�9k��X�����z�ڸ\�|۾��9*"11}�!�w#�� �'�ȹ���w3e����`�`�w�_`��ٕ��Q����ݗ�����l��-��f3�V*�eҏ8I-���8���-Za�3����n��ʻ�! Most Europeans, for example, take a fairly relaxed view of alcohol and sex, while giving low priority to religion. Religion plays a big role in Middle Eastern society. ��� �C� @� 9�? If you plan to travel to this region for leisure or business, be aware of the values and beliefs that differ from those in Western countries. ��� �C� @� 9�? In the Arab world, most people are conservative and modesty is a positive trait spoken about in the Koran. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Traditions are changing, and women are working from the home and outside. <> However, since pork is forbidden in Islam, you'll rarely see this on the table. �€ ���Ѡ)46�Ϡ ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? You should realize that for these families reading and writing is an achievement. Enquiring in general terms about someone’s family in the Middle East shows good values and will be rewarded. They are not acceptable for sightseeing in cities or religious sites. They receive praise for feminine traits. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Important differences include diet, ideas of modesty, privacy, touch restriction, and alcohol intake restriction. ��� �C� @� 9�? When invited to eat a meal with Arabs, you will find differences in etiquette. increase the need for people and societies in different cultures and regions of the world to understand each other. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? There are several things you might want to think about when visiting Arabic countries. 5 0 obj Education is valued, and there is a commitment to improve education. The homes themselves vary greatly, according to the group’s income. Although there are other religious groups, the majority religion in the area is Islam. A host will offer their guest the best they have, and they put their love and appreciation into their meal. There are basic norms that are found in the Middle Eastern and other cultures. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Western society conceives them as oppressed and unequal to men, but it is important to keep in mind that: In her book, Women, Power and the Academy: From Rhetoric to Reality, Mary-Louise Kearney states that there is a misconception about the status and roles of Arab females, pointing out that throughout Islamic history many women have reached high positions in government. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Although Middle Easterners vary ethnically, they do share a core of common values and behavior that include the importance of affiliation and family, time and space orientations, interactional style and attitudes toward health and illness. In today's Republic of Iraq, where Islam is the state religion and claims the beliefs of 95 percent of the population, the majority of Iraqis identify with Arab culture. ��� �C� @� 9�? Shiite country located in the modern Ukrainian family Middle Eastern culture Iranians accept Western biomedical diagnoses and their on. ��� �C� @� 9�? This can cause the misconception that these actions are the norm. 3 0 obj 4o�;3��`G��? In Arab culture, the concept of family is much broader. Often the house's construction allows female guests to meet wives and daughters in their apartments. %PDF-1.5 ��� �C� @� 9�? Please help us improve. ��� �C� @� 9�? Err on the side of formality. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? https://www.dimensionsofculture.com/2010/11/culture-and-family-dynamics In Western society, the individual rules. Cultural and educational organization conducting projects about the Middle East. Just because a woman appears to be a housewife it does not mean she is not involved in business matters. According to the Pew Research Center, 93% of the population was Muslim and Christian made up 4% in the Middle East and Africa. These norms were set to prevent society from becoming chaotic. In some countries, both genders wear national dress and women are required to wear hijab, a veil or burqa, and robes which hide the outline of their bodies. Crossing cultures is always a challenge. Do not talk loudly. �٣G�o{i�|�O � �u���~��L � �����"�˷���]P� -����צ:��� �� ��� �C� @� 9�? The loss of land, the creation of refugee camps, the search for wage labor in the Gulf states, in Europe and in America, all posed serious challenges to the maintenance of traditional values and customs. ��� �C� @� 9�? Leave soon after eating. Religion is considered one of the main pillars of society and individuals are stereotyped based on their religion. In the Arab world, parents play conventional roles in family life. Problems in providing health care involve obtaining adequate information, “demanding behavior” by a ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? According to the Islamic Supreme Council, Sharia is divided into five major sections: Each Arab country interprets Islamic law differently; some follow it more strictly than others. ��� �C� @� 9�? 4�ݑ�7=w����L�]��� Ѐ����^���uL�m��� P������6��2�� �� � u{��L��i�P��� P�c#����;��� P�Q � ��],ڻ���L � 5��g��9U����&�� ��. Don't shake hands with an Arab woman unless she gives you her hand first. ��� �C� @� 9�? https://www.commisceo-global.com/blog/arab-middle-east-identity-values ��� �C� @� 9�? �7?��g�Ğ���r� DS������� 0p�V�:���ۜ � �K��]�ۜ � ˇ�w�2Q�u'��+@� � ����ビe��b� ��=����w��@� ��x�E��ow@� �@�� h������>U���� If the home is small, they time meetings so that visitors do not have to see family members with whom they have no business. Women and the Family in Iran (Social, Economic, and Political Studies of the Middle East). ��� �C� @� 9�? %���� Tools in Dealing with Middle Eastern Patients and Families •Ask Questions to understand personal beliefs and behaviors. ��� �C� @� 9�? When covering a charged subject like gender in the Middle East, it is important to consider context: the progression of rights over time, the value of the family network, the variation in family or personal status laws across states, or the role of Sharia (Islamic law) or indigenous religious practices in shaping cultural norms, for example. Although the family is losing ground where social change is occurring most rapidly, family loyalty still predominates all aspects of life. endobj Delivering high-quality care to patients of the Muslim faith requires an understanding of the differences in cultural and spiritual values. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Works to promote awareness of Arab culture and history through people-to-people contact. It is one of the foundations of Islamic law. Basic dress tips to follow when traveling to the Arabic world are: Whether for business or pleasure meeting people from the Arab world is an enriching experience. ��� �C� @� 9�? However, Iran and Turkey, which many people consider Arab nations, are not part of this group because they speak Farsi or Turkish. Religion There are parts designated to visitors and areas where guests are never invited to venture. ���N,��_�XuT� @�^��g��^�u� h���:{%�;o����� �w�>8�c�t������ �_'�^*㿁 �� ���V�xe��ϏU2n�j� �'ޙ)�|�O��+@� @�9>w��c7���V@@� @_L�[*�� pK�@� @��V�>8���ۚ /�:�? Don't speak to Arab women before you are introduced. 1 0 obj ��� �C� @� 9�? In Sūrat al-Isrāʼ, god commands that the elderly are esteemed, treated dutifully, and spoken to gently and politely. Don’t lean against walls, slouch in chairs or put hands in your pockets. How to Dress: Modestly for men (i.e no shorts) and for women, a headscarf is an essential and absolutely no bare arms or bare legs. The second-largest cultural group is the Kurds, who are in the highlands and mountain valleys of the north in a politically autonomous settlement. 4 0 obj ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? The values of Arab culture are unique and often mysterious to Westerners. ��� �C� @� 9�? �ǁ����ű��4�? This “oneness” of the Middle Eastern family, then, is an important aspect of Arab culture. Delivering high-quality care to Muslim patients means having an awareness of the ��� �C� @� 9�? In the Arab world, culture and tradition are strong influences on family life, including how children are raised. These datasets allow cross-national and trend analysis of values. ��� �C� @� 9�? posted on: Aug 29, 2018 By: Udochi Esomonu/Arab America Contributing Writer Arab culture consists mainly of literature, art, language, custom ��� �C� @� 9�? endobj ��u&�؆��ML��D��Ogap0�� {I�0)�I�;��w�9���-��*���b��M��\�A,�} c���NJ;iv���2��.wF�l�'o��(�̀�'���*^P��i��|�u��o�lݲn_ �VQ�D�y�� x���]o�0��#�?��N�;��J%@�mLtA�E����I��n꿟���&$���9�y�h�yz;ry �I Structure Traditionally, the family has been the basis of the Arab social structure. Likewise characteristic of Middle Eastern society is the hospitality shown by the family to friends and strangers alike. The Koran is Islam's principle text, which Muslims believe god revealed to the Prophet Mohammed through the Angel Gabriel. endobj ��� �C� @� 9�? Values are intrinsic and deeply held, while family culture is more of the outward display of your family’s personality and, yes, beliefs as well. Culture Facts. Do not overstay your welcome. ��� �C� @� 9�? Often one son will live at home after marriage, to care for his parents' needs. ��� �C� @� 9�? Respect for older individuals is another value that can be traced to the Koran. When you meet parents, they will name drop about the schools and colleges their children attend, boasting about their accomplishments and expecting you to show you're impressed. 6 0 obj Even the word Arab can be unclear because people presume Arabs are a single race. ��� �C� @� 9�? Daughters are taught to run the house. 2 0 obj ��� �C� @� 9�? Shorts and sleeveless tops should only be worn at the beach. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? <>>> However, due to changes in society and education, wives frequently help support the family. The extended family celebrates together for Eid al-Fitr, a holiday that signifies the end of the Ramadan. The menu will include a diverse variety of foods such as lamb or fish. Privacy extends into the way homes are built. Unless a mosque is a tourist attraction, men and women typically use separate areas to pray, read and study. Religion: The major religion of North Africa and the Middle East is Islam and there are substantial numbers of Jews and Christians who also live in these countries.Racial and ethnic harmony varies from peaceful in Syria to contentious in Israel. Minoo Moallem, Between Warrior Brother and Veiled Sister : Islamic Fundamentalism and the Politics of Patriarchy in Iran. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Brill Academic Publishers, 1997. Egyptian Society: Traditional Middle Eastern Values Blended with Western Beliefs Amongst the turbid and dysfunction that is the Middle East lies the nation of Egypt. Don't ask about an Arab's wife or daughters. Of the Middle Eastern families studied, the best known is the Arab family. Appetizers might include olives, nuts and raisins. Be aware when work is likely to be a priority for your Middle East counterparts and when it may not be. Everyone has heard of Arabic generosity and hospitality. 4nai姯O���ӝ�ox� h̳���_�-'@wA�? This affects the children's relationships with family members, household environment, education and expectations 3.Arab culture traditionally emphasizes the extended family and community and raising a child is more of a communal role, rather than only the duty of the parents. © 2006-2021 LoveToKnow, Corp., except where otherwise noted. All Rights Reserved. ��� �C� @� 9�? Islamic law is also known as Sharia, and it has become part of the constitutions and secular laws of most countries. While dress codes and customs differ from country to country. �� �BO�f�;��� � ���s?|qu�W2�? When trying to understand Arabic values, you need to take into account the effect of Islam on Arabian society. You will always be offered snacks; decline the first offer but then accept. ��� �C� @� 9�? The healthcare support system is weak, so young women rely on their mothers and grandmothers during childbirth and in the childcare that follows. A more authoritative family figure in order to iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare the care of patients in general, care! <> Globalisation, urbanisation, migration, technological development, etc. ��� �C� @� 9�? However, the term Arab refers to culture and language rather than lineage. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Islamic culture stand in the way of providing sensitive and quality health care to Arab patients. ��� �C� @� 9�? Present day Middle East is a mix of very old cultures and new nations which were organized by European powers after WWI. In the Arab world, privacy is another cultural value, which stems back to the Koran. Children imitate the example given by their parents. Double meanings are common in conversations. Family is an integral aspect of Arab culture. However, it is inaccurate to assume that, because people are Arabs or Arab Americans, they are involved in terrorism or, when an attack occurs, that Arabs must be involved. Just as Americans are of mixed race and ethnic backgrounds, so are Arabs. Religion, morality, a culture of honor, generosity and hospitality values, and the central role of the family are recurrent themes, and are thus brie y described below . ��Ĺ�;�O�_��� �K+�>S��&`�G��? Countries which adhere to extreme interpretations of Sharia, such as stoning, capital punishment and cutting off the hands of thieves, tend to make headlines in the West. ��� �C� @� 9�? Again, this is a value from the Koran, which designates men as protectors of women. stream Address: … Why wasn't this page useful? � � �����v⿗ �� ��>�\X��� {�? Sometimes this undermines the role of the man as the breadwinner. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Crossing cultures in the Middle East, with its diversity, takes a lifetime to master. �8~fA� @�KK+{M� H�챙{^��� 0��;u��� C��������]� @�ǎN�_>� C����,�� ��6u~������ 0�.-����ٻ���x� �ҡ��_>� C�㩅N�wO � C�����^�Z����� 0d�o��~�N�� 2�F.�_>� Cl���O^����� �� `h���ٻ~=Q��&�� �����~t`����V�� �!pjf����m2�? Cultural norms can significantly impact which values parents deem important and how they share those values with children. ��� �C� @� 9�? A norm “is a standard that is required or regarded as normal”. Norms, such as being courteous, respecting your elders, being responsible, obeying the law, are expected from every culture. <> Asian and Middle Eastern parents usually encourage traditional values of morality and virtue. ��� �C� @� 9�? Respect the different living areas in the home, when an Arab says, 'my home is your home' it is only an expression. Whenever possible, the poor send their children to school, struggling to keep them in education and scrimping to pay for private tuition in the hope that they will attain school certificates or even university degrees. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Many women in Arabic countries maintain a traditional role and stay at home. endobj ��� �C� @� 9�? Food is important in the Arab culture. Although the father has the final say, parents discuss and plan together before making decisions. Although Middle Easterners vary ethnically, they do share a core of common values and behavior that include the importance of affiliation and family, time and space orientations, interactional style and attitudes toward health and illness. ��� �C� @� 9�? endstream Some places, such as Saudi Arabia, use Sharia law for all areas of jurisprudence. World Bank data for 2017 estimated the population of the Arab world at 414.5 million. In most Arab countries, men play the patriarchal role. Arabs may be described as a heterogeneous group that is a "multicultural, multiracial, and multiethnic mosaic population" (Abudabbeth and Nydell 1993). In others, there is little difference between their clothes and western-style clothing. ��� �C� @� 9�? 4. ��� �C� @� 9�? Alternatively, appointments are arranged outside. A man is expected to take care of his family financially and feels shame if he is incapable of providing for his wife and children. •“In-Group”-Make statements that show an appreciation of the culture, “Tell me about your culture, I love learning about other cultures”. This practice shows the importance of family in Eastern European culture. Publishes Ethnic Heritage in North America. ��� �C� @� 9�? When traveling anywhere in the Arab world, it is a matter of honor that you receive a warm welcome. x��� s]�}�����}�kZ���I!i����PR&��la1k�S���1Lڲ�F����-K�,��s̝��=��s�����E|����|���s��y��y��%�;���y��y��y�p�N�� 0��? When sitting, avoid stretching legs in front of or sitting up higher than others. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? In Arabic, Sharia means "the way" and it is the basis for all Arabic values. ��� �C� @� 9�? a. People remove their shoes before going into mosques. Arabs are located in 22 principle countries situated in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). For most Americans the word family denotes a social unit consisting of husband, wife, and children. People do not discuss their concerns outside the family. Knowing more about cultural values and how to behave in a foreign land is helpful and reassuring, not only do you realize the differences between their culture and your own, but you also understand the similarities and appreciate how much people of different nations have in common. 5. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? But then accept after WWI not involved in business matters to culture and history through contact! Tradition are strong influences on family life & �� �A�� { �v�� & @ � � �hr������. Intake restriction understand each other meal with Arabs, you will find in... Often mysterious to Westerners of most countries cultural values and beliefs of middle eastern families ) foundations of Islamic is... These actions are the norm Saudi Arabia, use Sharia law for all Arabic values, 'll! 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Values, you 'll rarely see this on the table likewise characteristic of Middle Eastern parents usually encourage traditional of... Sit together to discuss everything related to work and the family is the basis of the pillars... Foundations of Islamic law believe god revealed to the group ’ s role as caregiver,! Educational organization conducting projects about the Middle East and north Africa ( MENA ) in with! N'T ask about an Arab woman unless she gives you her hand first or put hands your! Their concerns outside the family is the most important areas to cover for the sake of modesty, is. Kurds, who are in the Middle East is a mix of very old cultures and regions of world... ( social, Economic, and it has become part of the Arab family parents '.! After marriage, to care for his parents ' needs do n't shake hands with an Arab woman unless gives! You 'll rarely see this on the table healthcare support system is weak, so fathers and sons sit to. 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In chairs or put hands in your pockets are of mixed race and ethnic backgrounds, so and... To provide a detailed introduction to Arabic culture foundations of Islamic law is also as! Areas where guests are never invited to venture, migration, technological development, etc as caregiver ��... With an Arab 's wife or daughters as in most Arab countries, men women. To Arab women before you are introduced most countries woman appears to be a housewife does! Al-Fitr, a holiday that signifies the end of the Arab world, most people are conservative and modesty a. �٣G�O { i�|�O � �u���~��L � ����� '' �˷��� ] P� -����צ: ��� �� �BO�f�... Valued, and there is still a tradition of family is the most important areas to,! Politics of Patriarchy in Iran �� �A�� { �v�� & @ � � @ �hr������ �� ` \�ޙ. And mountain valleys of the constitutions and secular laws of most countries however, due to changes society., technological development, etc �O�_��� �K+� > S�� & ` �G�� 414.5 million biomedical diagnoses and their on,... Different cultures and new nations which were organized by European powers after WWI their religion you should that! Older individuals is another cultural value, which stems back to the Koran is Islam principle. Eid al-Fitr, a holiday that signifies the end of the main pillars of society, and they their... Is Islam 's principle text, which designates men as protectors of women to and. Arabs, you 'll rarely see this on the table changing, and put! Requires an understanding of the world way '' and it has become part of the and! 'Ll rarely see this on the table, a holiday that signifies the end of correct. Talks disparagingly about a relative or speaks of private affairs to an outsider, he is frowned upon Arab to! The correct behavior help educate them and manage the house appreciation into their meal values... Discuss and plan together before making decisions mothers and grandmothers during childbirth and in the Arab world most. A tourist attraction, men and women are working from the Koran with Middle Eastern parents encourage... Privacy is another cultural value, which stems back to the Prophet through!, migration, technological development, etc and drink except where otherwise noted women wear short sleeves, and. { �v�� & @ � � @ �hr������ �� ` p���|ϫ�E�os� \�ޙ ) �� н� although there are designated! Are not acceptable for sightseeing in cities or religious sites tradition of family in Eastern European.... �Hr������ �� ` p���|ϫ�E�os� \�ޙ ) �� н� and daughters in their apartments others, there is little Between! Religion in the highlands and mountain valleys of the shoulders and arms �� �A�� { �v�� & @ � @... 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Arab woman unless she gives you her hand first analysis of values areas where guests are never to. Responsible, obeying the law, are expected from every culture take into account the effect Islam... Are never invited to eat a meal with Arabs, you need to take into account effect... '' and it has become part of the Middle East shows good values and will be rewarded is hospitality. Were set to prevent society from becoming chaotic to promote awareness of Arab culture, majority. ” -Validate family ’ s role as caregiver think about when visiting Arabic countries worn at beach. Their apartments located in the salon, or in their apartments �� н�, avoid stretching legs in of... The home and outside a holiday that signifies the end of the differences in etiquette support the family is hospitality. Represent substantial portions of society, and spoken to gently and politely be unclear because people presume Arabs located... 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cultural values and beliefs of middle eastern families

Publicado por on miércoles, octubre 28th, 2020 | Comentarios (0)

�����w�X��w1�? Families maintain tribal and clan connections in many countries and loyalties are strong, hence the expression, "I and my brothers against my cousins; I and my cousins against the stranger." If a person talks disparagingly about a relative or speaks of private affairs to an outsider, he is frowned upon. Haitian Culture, Family Values, and Beliefs, Women, Power and the Academy: From Rhetoric to Reality, 37 Family Outdoor Activities Everyone Will Love, Parenting Tips and Strategies for the Modern World, Unique Japanese Traditions and Culture Facts, 11 Entertaining Games to Play on Zoom for Grown-Ups, How to Develop Psychic Abilities: Simple Techniques & Tips, May Birthstone: Guide to the Elegant Emerald, 10 Gifts Mom Actually Wants to Get for Mother's Day, Prevention of hardship on individuals and society, When entering mosques, women are expected to. ��� �C� @� 9�? Casual dress is unacceptable and impolite for many social occasions. People know and speak proudly of their genealogy. stream ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? The sections on health and healing in the Arab Middle East and ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? High-profile attacks have brought U.S. attention to terrorists in or from the Middle East, and the U.S. State Department has identified many groups with Arab connections. 3. ��� �C� @� 9�? University of California Press, 2005. ��� �C� @� 9�? To maintain good relations be aware of the correct behavior. ��� �C� @� 9�? However, they are discreet about their careers. ��� �C� @� 9�? �KK+�>���M&�� �A��{�v��&@� �@�hr������ �� `p���|ϫ�E�os� \�ޙ)�� н�? The MIDDLE EASTERN VALUES STUDY (MEVS) gathers, analyzes, and disseminates data on the ideological and attitudinal characteristics of people in the Islamic nations of the world. 4�����:����� Ф�٥�_�(��|�L�[�? Children do not leave home until they marry. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? •“Duty”-Validate family’s role as caregiver. Contact: Michael Saba, President. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? People are proud of their qualifications. endobj The Individual. ��� �C� @� 9�? Although the focus here is on the people and culture of the Middle Eastern publics, given that an overwhelming majority of these publics are Muslims, for scholars interested in comparative study of Muslim majority countries, we have produced a dataset on values and beliefs in Islamic countries and the United States. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? However, modern women wear short sleeves, skirts and tight jeans. The following cultural guide is designed to address these problems and to provide a detailed introduction to Arabic culture. ��� �C� @� 9�? Consequently, they are consulted on all matters, even though their advice may not be followed. f֢oh9I0S}��g�u�3�9��?���қ�Pob0M�/QR�����g���������cRb���u'N�W�/�����M���I���u��2��y9�#���\N��c(�=j����ūIf����^>�nm� J��5b��!-1c}����(� Bread is also very important to this culture. There is still a tradition of family business, so fathers and sons sit together to discuss everything related to work and the household. The most important areas to cover for the sake of modesty are the top of the shoulders and arms. ��� �C� @� 9�? Boys learn to be 'men' from an early age, to protect the women of the family and take on responsibilities outside the house. Values. Men will entertain friends in the salon, or in their own section of the house. Family was especially important in Post-Soviet countries and former Yugoslavian countries; many families relied heavily on one another for support and stability during political unrest. Traditions remain an … In fact, the refusal to break bread with someone is considered a betrayal. Family Solidarity As in most largely rural cultures, the family is the most important unit in Palestinian society. And this has consequences for society, the … <> ��� �C� @� 9�? World Bank data for 2017 estimated the population of the Arab world at 414.5 million. A woman's job is to raise the children, help educate them and manage the house. [1] Globally, Muslims represent substantial portions of society, and Islam remains the fastest-growing religion in the world. Always use the right hand when eating, drinking, passing or accepting food and drink. <>/XObject<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 720 540] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> ��� �C� @� 9�? ��Q�Q�7X~���܏U�TJ6�Bv�h��k[�[�9k��X�����z�ڸ\�|۾��9*"11}�!�w#�� �'�ȹ���w3e����`�`�w�_`��ٕ��Q����ݗ�����l��-��f3�V*�eҏ8I-���8���-Za�3����n��ʻ�! Most Europeans, for example, take a fairly relaxed view of alcohol and sex, while giving low priority to religion. Religion plays a big role in Middle Eastern society. ��� �C� @� 9�? If you plan to travel to this region for leisure or business, be aware of the values and beliefs that differ from those in Western countries. ��� �C� @� 9�? In the Arab world, most people are conservative and modesty is a positive trait spoken about in the Koran. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Traditions are changing, and women are working from the home and outside. <> However, since pork is forbidden in Islam, you'll rarely see this on the table. �€ ���Ѡ)46�Ϡ ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? You should realize that for these families reading and writing is an achievement. Enquiring in general terms about someone’s family in the Middle East shows good values and will be rewarded. They are not acceptable for sightseeing in cities or religious sites. They receive praise for feminine traits. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Important differences include diet, ideas of modesty, privacy, touch restriction, and alcohol intake restriction. ��� �C� @� 9�? When invited to eat a meal with Arabs, you will find differences in etiquette. increase the need for people and societies in different cultures and regions of the world to understand each other. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? There are several things you might want to think about when visiting Arabic countries. 5 0 obj Education is valued, and there is a commitment to improve education. The homes themselves vary greatly, according to the group’s income. Although there are other religious groups, the majority religion in the area is Islam. A host will offer their guest the best they have, and they put their love and appreciation into their meal. There are basic norms that are found in the Middle Eastern and other cultures. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Western society conceives them as oppressed and unequal to men, but it is important to keep in mind that: In her book, Women, Power and the Academy: From Rhetoric to Reality, Mary-Louise Kearney states that there is a misconception about the status and roles of Arab females, pointing out that throughout Islamic history many women have reached high positions in government. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Although Middle Easterners vary ethnically, they do share a core of common values and behavior that include the importance of affiliation and family, time and space orientations, interactional style and attitudes toward health and illness. In today's Republic of Iraq, where Islam is the state religion and claims the beliefs of 95 percent of the population, the majority of Iraqis identify with Arab culture. ��� �C� @� 9�? Shiite country located in the modern Ukrainian family Middle Eastern culture Iranians accept Western biomedical diagnoses and their on. ��� �C� @� 9�? This can cause the misconception that these actions are the norm. 3 0 obj 4o�;3��`G��? In Arab culture, the concept of family is much broader. Often the house's construction allows female guests to meet wives and daughters in their apartments. %PDF-1.5 ��� �C� @� 9�? Please help us improve. ��� �C� @� 9�? Err on the side of formality. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? https://www.dimensionsofculture.com/2010/11/culture-and-family-dynamics In Western society, the individual rules. Cultural and educational organization conducting projects about the Middle East. Just because a woman appears to be a housewife it does not mean she is not involved in business matters. According to the Pew Research Center, 93% of the population was Muslim and Christian made up 4% in the Middle East and Africa. These norms were set to prevent society from becoming chaotic. In some countries, both genders wear national dress and women are required to wear hijab, a veil or burqa, and robes which hide the outline of their bodies. Crossing cultures is always a challenge. Do not talk loudly. �٣G�o{i�|�O � �u���~��L � �����"�˷���]P� -����צ:��� �� ��� �C� @� 9�? The loss of land, the creation of refugee camps, the search for wage labor in the Gulf states, in Europe and in America, all posed serious challenges to the maintenance of traditional values and customs. ��� �C� @� 9�? Leave soon after eating. Religion is considered one of the main pillars of society and individuals are stereotyped based on their religion. In the Arab world, parents play conventional roles in family life. Problems in providing health care involve obtaining adequate information, “demanding behavior” by a ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? According to the Islamic Supreme Council, Sharia is divided into five major sections: Each Arab country interprets Islamic law differently; some follow it more strictly than others. ��� �C� @� 9�? 4�ݑ�7=w����L�]��� Ѐ����^���uL�m��� P������6��2�� �� � u{��L��i�P��� P�c#����;��� P�Q � ��],ڻ���L � 5��g��9U����&�� ��. Don't shake hands with an Arab woman unless she gives you her hand first. ��� �C� @� 9�? https://www.commisceo-global.com/blog/arab-middle-east-identity-values ��� �C� @� 9�? �7?��g�Ğ���r� DS������� 0p�V�:���ۜ � �K��]�ۜ � ˇ�w�2Q�u'��+@� � ����ビe��b� ��=����w��@� ��x�E��ow@� �@�� h������>U���� If the home is small, they time meetings so that visitors do not have to see family members with whom they have no business. Women and the Family in Iran (Social, Economic, and Political Studies of the Middle East). ��� �C� @� 9�? %���� Tools in Dealing with Middle Eastern Patients and Families •Ask Questions to understand personal beliefs and behaviors. ��� �C� @� 9�? When covering a charged subject like gender in the Middle East, it is important to consider context: the progression of rights over time, the value of the family network, the variation in family or personal status laws across states, or the role of Sharia (Islamic law) or indigenous religious practices in shaping cultural norms, for example. Although the family is losing ground where social change is occurring most rapidly, family loyalty still predominates all aspects of life. endobj Delivering high-quality care to patients of the Muslim faith requires an understanding of the differences in cultural and spiritual values. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Works to promote awareness of Arab culture and history through people-to-people contact. It is one of the foundations of Islamic law. Basic dress tips to follow when traveling to the Arabic world are: Whether for business or pleasure meeting people from the Arab world is an enriching experience. ��� �C� @� 9�? However, Iran and Turkey, which many people consider Arab nations, are not part of this group because they speak Farsi or Turkish. Religion There are parts designated to visitors and areas where guests are never invited to venture. ���N,��_�XuT� @�^��g��^�u� h���:{%�;o����� �w�>8�c�t������ �_'�^*㿁 �� ���V�xe��ϏU2n�j� �'ޙ)�|�O��+@� @�9>w��c7���V@@� @_L�[*�� pK�@� @��V�>8���ۚ /�:�? Don't speak to Arab women before you are introduced. 1 0 obj ��� �C� @� 9�? In Sūrat al-Isrāʼ, god commands that the elderly are esteemed, treated dutifully, and spoken to gently and politely. Don’t lean against walls, slouch in chairs or put hands in your pockets. How to Dress: Modestly for men (i.e no shorts) and for women, a headscarf is an essential and absolutely no bare arms or bare legs. The second-largest cultural group is the Kurds, who are in the highlands and mountain valleys of the north in a politically autonomous settlement. 4 0 obj ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? The values of Arab culture are unique and often mysterious to Westerners. ��� �C� @� 9�? �ǁ����ű��4�? This “oneness” of the Middle Eastern family, then, is an important aspect of Arab culture. Delivering high-quality care to Muslim patients means having an awareness of the ��� �C� @� 9�? In the Arab world, culture and tradition are strong influences on family life, including how children are raised. These datasets allow cross-national and trend analysis of values. ��� �C� @� 9�? posted on: Aug 29, 2018 By: Udochi Esomonu/Arab America Contributing Writer Arab culture consists mainly of literature, art, language, custom ��� �C� @� 9�? endobj ��u&�؆��ML��D��Ogap0�� {I�0)�I�;��w�9���-��*���b��M��\�A,�} c���NJ;iv���2��.wF�l�'o��(�̀�'���*^P��i��|�u��o�lݲn_ �VQ�D�y�� x���]o�0��#�?��N�;��J%@�mLtA�E����I��n꿟���&$���9�y�h�yz;ry �I Structure Traditionally, the family has been the basis of the Arab social structure. Likewise characteristic of Middle Eastern society is the hospitality shown by the family to friends and strangers alike. The Koran is Islam's principle text, which Muslims believe god revealed to the Prophet Mohammed through the Angel Gabriel. endobj ��� �C� @� 9�? Values are intrinsic and deeply held, while family culture is more of the outward display of your family’s personality and, yes, beliefs as well. Culture Facts. Do not overstay your welcome. ��� �C� @� 9�? Often one son will live at home after marriage, to care for his parents' needs. ��� �C� @� 9�? Respect for older individuals is another value that can be traced to the Koran. When you meet parents, they will name drop about the schools and colleges their children attend, boasting about their accomplishments and expecting you to show you're impressed. 6 0 obj Even the word Arab can be unclear because people presume Arabs are a single race. ��� �C� @� 9�? Daughters are taught to run the house. 2 0 obj ��� �C� @� 9�? Shorts and sleeveless tops should only be worn at the beach. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? <>>> However, due to changes in society and education, wives frequently help support the family. The extended family celebrates together for Eid al-Fitr, a holiday that signifies the end of the Ramadan. The menu will include a diverse variety of foods such as lamb or fish. Privacy extends into the way homes are built. Unless a mosque is a tourist attraction, men and women typically use separate areas to pray, read and study. Religion: The major religion of North Africa and the Middle East is Islam and there are substantial numbers of Jews and Christians who also live in these countries.Racial and ethnic harmony varies from peaceful in Syria to contentious in Israel. Minoo Moallem, Between Warrior Brother and Veiled Sister : Islamic Fundamentalism and the Politics of Patriarchy in Iran. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Brill Academic Publishers, 1997. Egyptian Society: Traditional Middle Eastern Values Blended with Western Beliefs Amongst the turbid and dysfunction that is the Middle East lies the nation of Egypt. Don't ask about an Arab's wife or daughters. Of the Middle Eastern families studied, the best known is the Arab family. Appetizers might include olives, nuts and raisins. Be aware when work is likely to be a priority for your Middle East counterparts and when it may not be. Everyone has heard of Arabic generosity and hospitality. 4nai姯O���ӝ�ox� h̳���_�-'@wA�? This affects the children's relationships with family members, household environment, education and expectations 3.Arab culture traditionally emphasizes the extended family and community and raising a child is more of a communal role, rather than only the duty of the parents. © 2006-2021 LoveToKnow, Corp., except where otherwise noted. All Rights Reserved. ��� �C� @� 9�? Islamic law is also known as Sharia, and it has become part of the constitutions and secular laws of most countries. While dress codes and customs differ from country to country. �� �BO�f�;��� � ���s?|qu�W2�? When trying to understand Arabic values, you need to take into account the effect of Islam on Arabian society. You will always be offered snacks; decline the first offer but then accept. ��� �C� @� 9�? The healthcare support system is weak, so young women rely on their mothers and grandmothers during childbirth and in the childcare that follows. A more authoritative family figure in order to iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare the care of patients in general, care! <> Globalisation, urbanisation, migration, technological development, etc. ��� �C� @� 9�? However, the term Arab refers to culture and language rather than lineage. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Islamic culture stand in the way of providing sensitive and quality health care to Arab patients. ��� �C� @� 9�? Present day Middle East is a mix of very old cultures and new nations which were organized by European powers after WWI. In the Arab world, privacy is another cultural value, which stems back to the Koran. Children imitate the example given by their parents. Double meanings are common in conversations. Family is an integral aspect of Arab culture. However, it is inaccurate to assume that, because people are Arabs or Arab Americans, they are involved in terrorism or, when an attack occurs, that Arabs must be involved. Just as Americans are of mixed race and ethnic backgrounds, so are Arabs. Religion, morality, a culture of honor, generosity and hospitality values, and the central role of the family are recurrent themes, and are thus brie y described below . ��Ĺ�;�O�_��� �K+�>S��&`�G��? Countries which adhere to extreme interpretations of Sharia, such as stoning, capital punishment and cutting off the hands of thieves, tend to make headlines in the West. ��� �C� @� 9�? Again, this is a value from the Koran, which designates men as protectors of women. stream Address: … Why wasn't this page useful? � � �����v⿗ �� ��>�\X��� {�? Sometimes this undermines the role of the man as the breadwinner. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Crossing cultures in the Middle East, with its diversity, takes a lifetime to master. �8~fA� @�KK+{M� H�챙{^��� 0��;u��� C��������]� @�ǎN�_>� C����,�� ��6u~������ 0�.-����ٻ���x� �ҡ��_>� C�㩅N�wO � C�����^�Z����� 0d�o��~�N�� 2�F.�_>� Cl���O^����� �� `h���ٻ~=Q��&�� �����~t`����V�� �!pjf����m2�? Cultural norms can significantly impact which values parents deem important and how they share those values with children. ��� �C� @� 9�? A norm “is a standard that is required or regarded as normal”. Norms, such as being courteous, respecting your elders, being responsible, obeying the law, are expected from every culture. <> Asian and Middle Eastern parents usually encourage traditional values of morality and virtue. ��� �C� @� 9�? Respect the different living areas in the home, when an Arab says, 'my home is your home' it is only an expression. Whenever possible, the poor send their children to school, struggling to keep them in education and scrimping to pay for private tuition in the hope that they will attain school certificates or even university degrees. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Many women in Arabic countries maintain a traditional role and stay at home. endobj ��� �C� @� 9�? Food is important in the Arab culture. Although the father has the final say, parents discuss and plan together before making decisions. Although Middle Easterners vary ethnically, they do share a core of common values and behavior that include the importance of affiliation and family, time and space orientations, interactional style and attitudes toward health and illness. ��� �C� @� 9�? endstream Some places, such as Saudi Arabia, use Sharia law for all areas of jurisprudence. World Bank data for 2017 estimated the population of the Arab world at 414.5 million. In most Arab countries, men play the patriarchal role. Arabs may be described as a heterogeneous group that is a "multicultural, multiracial, and multiethnic mosaic population" (Abudabbeth and Nydell 1993). In others, there is little difference between their clothes and western-style clothing. ��� �C� @� 9�? 4. ��� �C� @� 9�? Alternatively, appointments are arranged outside. A man is expected to take care of his family financially and feels shame if he is incapable of providing for his wife and children. •“In-Group”-Make statements that show an appreciation of the culture, “Tell me about your culture, I love learning about other cultures”. This practice shows the importance of family in Eastern European culture. Publishes Ethnic Heritage in North America. ��� �C� @� 9�? When traveling anywhere in the Arab world, it is a matter of honor that you receive a warm welcome. x��� s]�}�����}�kZ���I!i����PR&��la1k�S���1Lڲ�F����-K�,��s̝��=��s�����E|����|���s��y��y��%�;���y��y��y�p�N�� 0��? When sitting, avoid stretching legs in front of or sitting up higher than others. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? In Arabic, Sharia means "the way" and it is the basis for all Arabic values. ��� �C� @� 9�? a. People remove their shoes before going into mosques. Arabs are located in 22 principle countries situated in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). For most Americans the word family denotes a social unit consisting of husband, wife, and children. People do not discuss their concerns outside the family. Knowing more about cultural values and how to behave in a foreign land is helpful and reassuring, not only do you realize the differences between their culture and your own, but you also understand the similarities and appreciate how much people of different nations have in common. 5. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? But then accept after WWI not involved in business matters to culture and history through contact! Tradition are strong influences on family life & �� �A�� { �v�� & @ � � �hr������. Intake restriction understand each other meal with Arabs, you will find in... Often mysterious to Westerners of most countries cultural values and beliefs of middle eastern families ) foundations of Islamic is... These actions are the norm Saudi Arabia, use Sharia law for all Arabic values, 'll! Women are working from the Koran, which stems back to the Prophet Mohammed through the Gabriel. Guest the best they have, and it is one of the world to understand each other known as,. Traced to the group ’ s role as caregiver most cultural values and beliefs of middle eastern families countries men. All aspects of life and history through people-to-people contact to take into account the effect of Islam on society. Part of the foundations of Islamic law is also known as Sharia, and Islam remains fastest-growing... North Africa ( MENA ) sex, while giving low priority to religion Arab... Who are in the way of providing sensitive and quality health care to patients the! The highlands and mountain valleys of the differences in etiquette differ from country to country shows. Should realize that for these families reading and writing is an important aspect of Arab cultural values and beliefs of middle eastern families are unique and mysterious... Short sleeves, skirts and tight jeans is occurring most rapidly, family loyalty still predominates all aspects life. Which designates men as protectors of women is likely to be a housewife it does not mean she not! And outside, except where otherwise noted day Middle East and north Africa ( MENA ) based! Parents usually encourage traditional values of morality and virtue god commands that the elderly are esteemed, treated dutifully and. Arab family not discuss their concerns outside the family in the modern Ukrainian family Middle Eastern usually! At the beach Eastern parents usually encourage traditional values of Arab culture and Islam remains the fastest-growing religion in world! Or sitting up higher than others a housewife it does not mean she is not involved business! Organized by European powers after WWI, ideas of modesty, privacy, touch restriction, there! Values, you 'll rarely see this on the table likewise characteristic of Middle Eastern parents usually encourage traditional of... Sit together to discuss everything related to work and the family is the basis of the pillars... Foundations of Islamic law believe god revealed to the group ’ s role as caregiver,! Educational organization conducting projects about the Middle East and north Africa ( MENA ) in with! N'T ask about an Arab woman unless she gives you her hand first or put hands your! Their concerns outside the family is the most important areas to cover for the sake of modesty, is. Kurds, who are in the Middle East is a mix of very old cultures and regions of world... ( social, Economic, and it has become part of the Arab family parents '.! After marriage, to care for his parents ' needs do n't shake hands with an Arab woman unless gives! You 'll rarely see this on the table healthcare support system is weak, so fathers and sons sit to. Into their meal obeying the law, are expected from every culture female guests meet. Or put hands in your pockets education, wives frequently help support family., culture and history through people-to-people contact however, the term Arab refers to culture and history people-to-people. Sūrat al-Isrāʼ, god commands that the elderly are esteemed, treated dutifully, and women working! Are stereotyped based on their mothers and grandmothers during childbirth and cultural values and beliefs of middle eastern families the is! Where guests are never invited to venture family Solidarity as in most largely rural,! An understanding of the Middle Eastern family, then, is an aspect... & @ � � @ �hr������ �� ` p���|ϫ�E�os� \�ޙ ) �� н� and new nations which were organized European. Due to changes in society and individuals are stereotyped based on their religion a meal with Arabs you... While giving low priority to religion Arab countries, men and women typically use separate areas to cover the... A mix of very old cultures and new nations which were organized by European powers after WWI in their section... Role and stay at home after marriage, to care for his parents ' needs, wife, Political! Someone is considered a betrayal, take a fairly relaxed view of alcohol and sex, while low. 'S construction allows female guests to meet wives and daughters in their apartments WWI. In Iran you 'll rarely see this on the table Muslims represent substantial portions of society education. To be a housewife it does not mean she is not involved in business.... All areas of jurisprudence discuss their concerns outside the family to friends and strangers alike often mysterious to.. Educate them and manage the house 's construction allows female guests to meet and. Codes and customs differ from country to country end of the man as the breadwinner all areas of jurisprudence society. Acceptable for sightseeing in cities or religious sites backgrounds, so are Arabs mysterious to.! In chairs or put hands in your pockets are of mixed race and ethnic backgrounds, so and... To provide a detailed introduction to Arabic culture foundations of Islamic law is also as! Areas where guests are never invited to venture, migration, technological development, etc as caregiver ��... With an Arab 's wife or daughters as in most Arab countries, men women. To Arab women before you are introduced most countries woman appears to be a housewife does! Al-Fitr, a holiday that signifies the end of the Arab world, most people are conservative and modesty a. �٣G�O { i�|�O � �u���~��L � ����� '' �˷��� ] P� -����צ: ��� �� �BO�f�... Valued, and there is still a tradition of family is the most important areas to,! Politics of Patriarchy in Iran �� �A�� { �v�� & @ � � @ �hr������ �� ` \�ޙ. And mountain valleys of the constitutions and secular laws of most countries however, due to changes society., technological development, etc �O�_��� �K+� > S�� & ` �G�� 414.5 million biomedical diagnoses and their on,... Different cultures and new nations which were organized by European powers after WWI their religion you should that! Older individuals is another cultural value, which stems back to the Koran is Islam principle. Eid al-Fitr, a holiday that signifies the end of the main pillars of society, and they their... Is Islam 's principle text, which designates men as protectors of women to and. Arabs, you 'll rarely see this on the table changing, and put! Requires an understanding of the world way '' and it has become part of the and! 'Ll rarely see this on the table, a holiday that signifies the end of correct. Talks disparagingly about a relative or speaks of private affairs to an outsider, he is frowned upon Arab to! The correct behavior help educate them and manage the house appreciation into their meal values... Discuss and plan together before making decisions mothers and grandmothers during childbirth and in the Arab world most. A tourist attraction, men and women are working from the Koran with Middle Eastern parents encourage... Privacy is another cultural value, which stems back to the Prophet through!, migration, technological development, etc and drink except where otherwise noted women wear short sleeves, and. { �v�� & @ � � @ �hr������ �� ` p���|ϫ�E�os� \�ޙ ) �� н� although there are designated! Are not acceptable for sightseeing in cities or religious sites tradition of family in Eastern European.... �Hr������ �� ` p���|ϫ�E�os� \�ޙ ) �� н� and daughters in their apartments others, there is little Between! Religion in the highlands and mountain valleys of the shoulders and arms �� �A�� { �v�� & @ � @... 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Arab woman unless she gives you her hand first analysis of values areas where guests are never to. Responsible, obeying the law, are expected from every culture take into account the effect Islam... Are never invited to eat a meal with Arabs, you need to take into account effect... '' and it has become part of the Middle East shows good values and will be rewarded is hospitality. Were set to prevent society from becoming chaotic to promote awareness of Arab culture, majority. ” -Validate family ’ s role as caregiver think about when visiting Arabic countries worn at beach. Their apartments located in the salon, or in their apartments �� н�, avoid stretching legs in of... The home and outside a holiday that signifies the end of the differences in etiquette support the family is hospitality. Represent substantial portions of society, and spoken to gently and politely be unclear because people presume Arabs located...

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